Mahmouds mother was carrying their school backpacks, and she traded them for Hana. (including. Women with burns. There was a small group of them, up on the rocks overlooking the inlet. Havana was rioting, and her father and grandfather were somewhere right in the middle of it. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Refugee (Alan Gratz) Answered Questions | Q & A Canoes with homemade outriggers. Well buy new ones! Mahmoud told him. No! Isabel cried. He looked around manically, like there were spies everywhere. The rebels? The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. GitHub export from English Wikipedia. (LogOut/ Ohlet me get someone to help you with those bags. The woman lurched out of the bathroom, looking even more green and desperate, and wobbled away. In the book, Refugee, who is the author? Buskers played rumbas on guitars and drums. No more getting thrown in jail for disagreeing with the government. But what do you want to do when you get there? Seor Castillo asked. And why do you need gasoline so badly? To leave Cuba before my father is arrested. The fisherman wiped his lips on the back of his hand. Mahmoud Bishara is leaving Syria during the volatile regime of Bashar al-Assad in 2015. . Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. If he and his family didnt make it to Cuba, if they werent allowed in, where would they go? She was very pretty, even in her blue police uniform. Refugee is a young adult novel written by Alan Gratz and was first published by Scholastic Corporation in 2017. The war had made Mahmoud nervous. That afternoon, a group of Hitler Youth were waiting for Josef outside the school. Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece 2015, 12 days from home (3). His legs were like lead, and his eyes lost their focus. Please, take us with you! [1] Similar novels written by Alan Gratz also include Prisoner B-3087 and Allies. Hey, were in luck! Mahmouds dad joked. They fell on him, hitting and kicking him for being a Jew, and calling him all kinds of names. When they got close to the ramp, Papa hunkered down behind the last of the crates. Invisibility serves as a type of protection for Mahmoud; as he puts it, being invisible is how he lives. Getting spotted by the Syrian army or the rebels battling them [is] only courting danger, Mahmoud says. They are reunited with, Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days from home, and other supplies. A telegram from Papa! He glanced over his shoulder to make sure no one was listening. Gratz shows how hard it can sometimes be to stand up and support others, but that it is necessary to empathize with those who are being oppressed and to give aid. Thankyouthankyouthankyouthankyou! Isabel told him. Despite her grief, Isabel is able to persevere and guide her family to reach the shores of Miami. No! Isabel and her grandfather set her papi in a chair in their little kitchen, and Isabels mother, Teresa Padron de Fernandez, ran to the cabinet under the sink. Josef and his family were on their way to a new country. Random death from a fighter jets missile or a soldiers rocket launcher might come at any moment, when you least expected it. Hed been released from a concentration camp called Dachau, but only on condition that he leave the country within fourteen days. From the Nazis. Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. I have to go. Here they were, talking like two regular people, but Josef hadnt forgotten he was Jewish. third person. A boat to sail to the United States. It was a constant refrain in Castros lengthy speeches. Isabel Fernandez is 11 years old in 1994, growing up in Havana, Cuba, under Fidel Castros communist regime. But each of them had an automatic rifle, which was really all that mattered. They only see us when we do something they dont want us to do, Mahmoud realized. By train? With a battle cry that would have made Wolverine proud, Mahmoud had launched himself at Khalids attackers. It was a trick he and Klaus had played on Herr Meier once upon a time. But he knew better. Visas. Papa shook his head too quickly. Wearing that uniform turned boys into monsters. It was the one with the red bandanna. The fisherman had to take it in trade. A few hours later, they watched from the promenade as tugboats pushed the MS St. Louis away from the dock, and passengers threw confetti and celebrated and blew tearful kisses good-bye. Each time they stop, Mahmouds mother searches frantically among the other refugees, looking for baby Hana. to accommodate the crowd. In all the turmoil, a policeman caught up with her father and grabbed him by the arm. One such scholar is Mahmoud Mamdani who, although he shares many of Rouhana's concerns, makes a useful comparison between the Native American and Palestinian situations. Refugee By Alan Gratz Flashcards | Quizlet They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. He is constantly making jokes read analysis of Youssef Bishara Hana Bishara Mahmoud 's infant sister. When Youssef and Mahmoud return to their cell and pass, Mahmoud: Hungary 2015, 17 days from home, refugee camp in a cold, muddy field surrounded by wired fence. Not without Josefs father. What do you think el norte will be like, Papi? Isabel asked. Ivn was lighter skinned than Isabel, with curly dark hair. Josef didnt want to leave. Lets have a song, Lito said. Why not? Isabel said. There werent the required ten men for the servicethere were a hundred men, probably more, all wearing yarmulkes on their heads and white-and-black tallisimprayer shawlsaround their shoulders. Mahmoud Bishara, 12, lives in Aleppo, Syria, in 2015. Tomorrow,' he'd told Mahmoud's father." Alan Gratz author Refugee book Youssef Bishara character despair refugees smugglers concepts 07 Mahmoud By Refugee Action November 18, 2016 Refugee Voices In Syria, Mahmoud was a successful tradesman, living happily with his wife and four children in a big house in the country's capital, Damascus. Dad, our house is gone! Mahmoud told him. I have his ticket, she told the sailor. Breakfast, lunch, and dinner! the adults answered back, as though theyd heard that one many times before too. What country is Mahmouds family trying to reach? Refugee Themes - eNotes.com People had even broken into the Havana Zoo and eaten the animals, and cats like this little kitten had ended up on dinner tables. How old is Mahmoud Bishara Josef the refugee? When they reach the shore, Youssef kisses the ground and says thanks to Allah. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. And seeing as there were so many signs around with El Presidentes head on them It was true. Not any longer. Its not safe here. She had gone back for whatever she could take from the apartment. Among the people who join Isabel on the journey is her grandfather Lito, who is eventually revealed to be Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who, decades ago, prevented Josef from entering Havana. But Isabel found Ivn and his father, Rudi, right where she thought theyd beworking on their boat in the shed. Lights came on in houses nearby, and curtains ruffled as people looked out at the noise. Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 6 days, Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 8 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 10 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 11 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (3), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (1), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 14 days, Isabel: The Straits of Florida 1994, 1 day (4), Mahmoud: Izmir, Turkey 2015, 11 days (2), Josef: On the Atlantic Ocean 1939, 17 days, Isabel: Straits of Florida 1994, 2 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (1), Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (2), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 4 days, Mahmoud: The Mediterranean 2015, 11 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Lesbos to Athens 2015, 12 days (3), Isabel: Between Bahamas and Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia 2015, 14-15 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (1), Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15-16 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (2), Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (3), Josef: Vornay, France 1940, 1 year, 1 month, 10 days, Isabel: Coast of Florida 1994, 5 days (4), Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days. After school, Mahmoud, Waleed, and their mother, is gone. But Mahmoud was also filled with gratitude. One terribly heartbreaking story is the unjustified killing of an 18-year-old Palestinian, Mahmoud al-Saad Jenin. Refine any search. [6], For the 1983 science-fiction novel by Piers Anthony, see, https://www.litcharts.com/lit/refugee/characters/mahmoud-bishara, "That Huge Surprise in His Own Family Genealogy? Pleasedont. Ruth wrapped herself around Josefs leg and wailed. It wasnt just his building that had been hit, he realized. 2011 (14) IWB are their Sunni Muslims and Shia Muslims? In the seat beside him, Waleed sat up straight next to his open window, unmoving and unfazed. But these police werent doing anything. In order to survive, Mahmoud learned to stay invisible. He is quiet and unobtrusive.. able "to walk around getting noticed by the Syrian army or the rebels fighting them was just inviting trouble" (12). He wore the same thing he did every time he was on television a green military jacket and flat round capand sat behind a row of microphones. Characters of Refugees Landau, Josef. LitCharts Teacher Editions. She had to find her father. When all this is over, Ill find you and arrest you, and theyll send you away for good. Luis pulled the angry policeman away, pausing just long enough to give Isabel a worried look over his shoulder. thinks that he will never forget the fear of being so powerless in that moment. She says that she thought, Frau Rosenburg explains that she was a refugee, too, and shows, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. One of the teachers walked up and down the hall ringing a handbell, and Mahmoud collected his backpack and went to find his little brother, Waleed. There was blood in his hair, and the area around one of his eyes was already turning black. Josef scrambled backward on his bed, his eyes wide. Like Josef, Mahmoud is also forced to make a difficult choice that shows his maturity and the weight of his responsibility. But Josef remembered how it used to be. The Simpsons! Im going to open my own law office, Seora Castillo said. My brother, just a boy, becoming a man at last. She stood on the wide promenade, where it seemed all of Havana was on display. We didnt want to leave our homes! another man yelled. They pluck Mahmoud and Fatima from the water. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. We can sell the car there and make our way north, to Germany. Everyone stopped while Mahmouds father walked ahead. And then the whole country seemed to go crazy all at once. He turned Josef this way and that, pointing out the curve of his nose, the slant of his chin. A social worker approaches Mahmoud's family and asks if they are seeking asylum in Germany ( Germany accepted 124,845 Syrian refugees in 2017 and the EU as a whole accepted 538,000 total refugees). Well come for you soon enough. The Nazis trashed the rest of Josefs house, breaking furniture and smashing plates and tearing curtains. It was his whole neighborhood. Fatima had put on a black long-sleeved dress and a pink flowery hijab that covered her head and shoulders. No boat today. But, the driver stops the car and points a gun at them, demanding almost all of the rest of their money. Thus, Mahmoud recognizes the importance of being visible, and his story also raises visibility for the many Syrian refugees who continue to need aid in the present. She wore a dark blue wool dress with a white sailors collar and carried her white corduroy stuffed Rabit-Bitsy, everywhere she went. Youssef is characterized as a caring father and husband, trying to shepherd his family to safety in Germany. Please! Mahmoud cried. asked. Couples kissed under palm trees. When her father, Geraldo, is worried that the police are coming after him for protesting, Isabel rallies her own family and another family, the Castillos, to take a boat to Miami and escape the oppression of Cuba. Josef felt the heat of that embarrassment all over again, the humiliation of being talked about like he was an animal. Anything at all. Shed never known any other life except this one. Refugee Important Quotes | SuperSummary Each one of these characters were refugees, each with a differant and unique story. I found a bit of dead fish on the beach for the cat. Isabel recoiled at the smell, but the kitten came running back, eating greedily from Ivns hand. Ever since the Nazis had taken over six years ago, Jews were fleeing Germany. You'll be able to access your notes and highlights, make requests, and get updates on new titles. Ahead of them stretched a small city of white canvas tents, their pointed tops staggered like whitecaps on a choppy sea. Refugee is more than a story about children fleeing their homelands, it is a story about what unites us all: love, family, and perseverance. Christina Diaz Gonzalez, award-winning author of Moving Target A gripping, visceral, and hold-your-breath intense story of three young refugees. John Green, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Turtles All the Way Down An intelligent, human, harrowing read. Ellen Silva, NPR Meant to be read, discussed, and shared widely. School Library Journal A haunting fictional treatment of historic events. Booklist Unflinching and sympathetic. The New York Times A stunning, poignant novel. Josef! Come on, Evielets do the bathrooms on A-deck! The girls tore away, and Josef huffed. Josef could barely walk. An Industriales baseball game played on the television in the corner, and Isabels grandfather turned down the volume. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. Mahmoud leaned over to see. he has been saying for the past week: the boat will come tomorrow. You werent allowed to say things like that in Cuba. Could they? Waleed! Dozens of them. The smuggler had just told them their boat wasnt leaving tonight. It was nothing they ever said to each other, just something they each came to understand, and within a year they had drifted apart, not even speaking to each other as they passed in the hall. I cant reach your father, Mahmouds mother said, thumbing her phone. But when they arrive, they find the Hungarian soldiers building a fence to keep them out. Josefs family eventually chooses to emigrate by traveling to Cuba aboard the notorious MS St. Louis. Josef Age 12. They walk to a bus stop and reach the Hungarian border. Isabel hefted the boat to get a better grip and tried to pick up her pace. Along with Isabel and Mahmoud, he is one of the books three protagonists. Pak! the place feels mournful, as many people here lost someone in the crossing from Turkey. (In five days, Papa hadnt come out of their cabin once, not even for meals, and Josefs mother had barely left his side.) The floor beneath their feet groaned and shifted. And now they were in line with him, all those hundreds of people and thousands more, and they werent invisible anymore. More of them wore the brown shirts and red swastika armbands of the Sturmabteilung, Adolf Hitlers storm troopers. Josefs mother and father were there too, lying on the floor at the feet of the Brownshirts. There! A building shuddered and collapsed, smoke and debris avalanching out into the street. From that day forward, Mahmoud and Khalid were marked. In the gallery above, Josef saw one of the crew slam a fist down on the railing and storm off. His sister. Tens of thousands of people poured into the streets, demanding the release of political prisoners and more freedom for everyone. In the gallery above the room, a number of the off-duty crew had gathered to watch. Getting noticed by the Syrian army or the rebels fighting them, he knows, is "just inviting trouble." When the bell rings in school, Mahmoud finds his 10-year-old brother Waleed to walk him home. Ruth! Mama cried when she saw them. Instant PDF downloads. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. Were not going anywhere soon. I can fix that! Isabel said. -Graham S. The timeline below shows where the character Mahmoud Bishara appears in. But if they managed to survive the trip across the Straits of Florida and evade the US Coast Guard and actually set foot on United States soilbe caught with dry feetthey were granted special refugee status and allowed to remain and become US citizens. The water wasnt working again, so he had to pour water over his hands using the plastic jugs his mother had hauled from the neighborhood well. And the crew wasnt just being nice because they didnt know Josef and his family were Jews. They are taken to the home of an elderly German couple who agree to take them in until they get settled. He then hears, cry out for help, but the dinghy isnt slowing down. He recalls, We barely made it, the boat sunk, and many people perished. Mahmoud arrived on a barren Greek island, where he was picked up by another boat. Isabel was listening for the clave underneath the music, the mysterious hidden beat inside on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan alone. Get personalized recommendations. The smuggler had just told them their boat wasn't leaving tonight. He didnt look happy about it, though. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the . His papa looked nothing like the man whod been dragged away from their home six months ago. She hadnt gone nearly catatonic like Waleed, but at some point it had gotten bad enough that she just stopped talking about it. -Graham S. Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. One group is distributing diapers. Mahmoud Bishara is a 12 year old boy who lived in Aleppo, Syria in 2015. But you have fish to eat. A rickety-looking raft made out of wooden shipping pallets and inner tubes raised a bedsheet sail, and as it caught the wind, the villagers on the beach cheered. Complete your free account to request a guide. All Mahmoud wanted to do was curl up into a ball and disappear. For the gasoline. Her grandfather was shocked. They tumbled into the ditch beside his parents. Weve spent too much time talking about it and not doing anything. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. I dont have time for games, he would tell me. Bishar al-Assad. I want to watch American television, Ivn said. No more Ministry of Telling People What to Think or Else, he said. And he wasnt the only one. Even though their apartment wasnt far away, Mahmoud led Waleed on a different route home every day. 5.6 million refugees have left their home and 6.6 million more have been internally displaced within Syria.) He was thinner too. I saw what you did, he said. Ill stay here with your father. Josef and Ruth were only too glad to get away from Papa. man wouldnt be talking and laughing with him. Mahmoud pulled himself up out of the rubble and saw the building across the street in raw daylight, like he was standing in midair beside it. She wanted to stay in Germany, Evelyne said. Source (s) Refugee (Alan Gratz) Put that on. Mahmoud's baby sister. "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." Josef and his sister followed their mother through the crowd at the Lehrter Bahnhof, Berlins main railway station. His ears still rang, but through the buzz he could hear more thuds and booms. Empathy and Social Responsibility. Refugee weaves together the stories of three families as they seek sanctuary in other countries. The whole front had collapsed, and Mahmoud felt like he was looking into a giant dollhouse. My students love how organized the handouts are and enjoy tracking the themes as a class., Requesting a new guide requires a free LitCharts account. What is the falling action of Mahmoud in refugee? Yet at the same time, even though these different societies have all sunken into despair as a whole, the people within those societies still try to find a sense of hope in order to make a better future for themselves. They collapsed behind one of the lifeboats, panting and giggling. Mahmoud stared up at their building. And the Kurds hold all this territory here. The MS St. Louis. No ambulances came to help the wounded. Im sorry. Mahmoud: Aleppo, Syria 2015 (1). It was big and heavy to begin with, and they had packed it with the gas cans, plastic soda bottles filled with fresh water, condensed milk, cheese and bread, and medicine. Khalid was clever. It was a policewoman. Josef couldnt think of any Jewish people he knew who did look like those pictures. Things will get better. Back when people saw them. It all sounded so wonderful, but when it came down to it, all Isabel really wanted was a place where she and her family could be together, and happy. Were going to latch all the stalls from the inside and crawl out under the doors so no one can use the toilets! No, dont Josef tried to tell them, but they were already gone. It took her a moment to process it, but this was really happening. Mahmoud Bishara. It felt like ages since hed been inside a synagogue. Josef wished they could stay on board the St. Louis forever. Im Josef, he told the other girls when theyd all gathered themselves together. Youre old enough to be her grandfather. Lito just took that as a challenge. It was hard to tell anymore. Refugee by Alan Gratz (16) One of Mahmoud's friends died in an airstrike. What does Mahmoud's mother give to a passing refugee raft in the Mediterranean, in pages 110 - 163? She saw her papi just as he reared back and threw a bottle that smashed into the line of police along the seawall. Must be doing sixteen knots, easy, said one of the stewards. The box didnt have any other Ninja Turtles in it, but Waleed would be excited to get it. A social worker approaches Mahmouds family and asks if they are seeking asylum in Germany (Germany accepted 124,845 Syrian refugees in 2017 and the EU as a whole accepted 538,000 total refugees). Until now. Thank you. Mahmoud is a twelve-year-old boy "with a long, strong nose, thick black eyebrows, and short-cropped black hair" (12). Well find her and bring her home., Were not criminals! one of the other men in the cell yelled at him. He starts to panic that, Mahmoud: Just Outside Aleppo, Syria 2015, 1 day from home. No station agents stopped to ask if they needed help finding their train. The timeline below shows where the character Hana Bishara appears in Refugee. CRACK! Staring back up at them was the huge face of Fidel Castro! Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Josef landeau, Isabel Fernandez, Mahmoud Bishara and more.